Proliferation and C-myc Gene Expression of Smooth Muscle Cells in Rabbit Carotid Artery after Stenting

Objectives To investigate the proliferation of smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and the expression of c-myc gene in rabbit carotid arteries after stenting. Methods Platinium-Iridium stent were implanted into the fight carotid arteries of 16 rabbits under vision. 7,14,30 and 90 days after the stenting procedure, morphological changes of VSMCs were observed under light and transmission electron microscope. The c-myc gene expression was detected by insitu hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemical staining. Results 7 days after stenting, the phenotype of VSMCs changed from contractile to synthetic phenotype; there were a number of proliferative VSMCs in the neointima. At 14 and 30 days, there were synthetic and transitive VSMCs. At 90 days, the phenotype of VSMCs recovered to contractile phenotype. The ultrastructure of typical synthetic phenotype of VSMCs were round, containing a large amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Cmyc expression were positive both by ISH and im-munohistochemical staining. Conclusions C-myc gene expression increases and closely relates to VSMCs proliferation after stenting. It may play an important role in the in-stent restenosis.     

冠状动脉内支架置入术在冠心病治疗中的应用

目的 :评价冠状动脉内支架置入术在冠心病治疗中的临床应用价值。方法 :对 186例 2 0 4支冠状动脉病变内置入 2 2 9只支架 ,其中置入左前降支 12 3只 ,右冠状动脉 73只 ,左回旋支 31只 ,左主干 2只。结果 :186例全部置入成功。置入后经冠状动脉造影证实狭窄消失 ,即刻效果良好。其中 12例急性心肌梗死患者急诊置入支架后 10例病情迅速缓解 ,2例术后死亡 ,死因分别为再次心肌梗死和颅内出血。择期冠状动脉支架置入术无一例死亡。其他并发症为股动脉假性动脉瘤 2例 ,术后低血压反应 9例。结论 :冠状动脉内支架置入术是治疗冠心病的一种安全可靠、效果良好的介入性治疗方法 ,值得临床广泛应用。     

Solitaire~(TM)支架取栓治疗急性基底动脉闭塞研究

目的评估急性基底动脉闭塞患者使用SolitaireTM支架机械取栓的有效性和安全性,分析其临床预后的影响因素。方法回顾性分析本中心连续入组的30例急性基底动脉闭塞患者,均使用SolitaireTM支架设备进行机械取栓治疗分析支架,分析取栓治疗的再通率及并发症,评估治疗90 d临床预后,分析影响临床预后的因素。结果 30例患者均顺利完成机械取栓手术。患者平均年龄为(58.6±8.4)岁,术前美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分中位数25.5分(21.3,29.5),格拉斯哥昏迷量表(Glasgow Coma Scale,GCS)评分中位数8分(6.0,9.8),改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin Scale,m RS)评分中位数5分(5.0,5.0)。成功再通[脑梗死溶栓分级(Thrombolysis in Cerebral Ischemia Scale,TICI)3或2b级]28例(93.3%),6例(20.0%)发生症状性颅内出血,9例(30.0%)患者预后良好(m RS 0~2分)。9例死亡,死亡率为30.0%(9/30)。术前患者意识不清(P=0.014)及m RS评分较高(P=0.020)与不良预后(m RS2分)相关。结论使用SolitaireTM支架进行急性基底动脉闭塞患者的机械取栓,有较高的再通率,能够改善功能性预后。     

Endothelial progenitor cell therapy for the treatment of coronary disease, acute MI, and pulmonary arterial hypertension: current perspectives.

Since their identification in 1997, bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been studied for their role in the endogenous maintenance and repair of endothelium and their potential regenerative capacity beyond the endothelium. In particular, EPCs have been tested in cell therapy approaches with the aim of developing novel therapies for conditions currently lacking effective treatment options. In this review, we discuss the scientific background and clinical experience using EPC delivery or mobilization for the treatment of post-angioplasty restenosis, acute myocardial infarction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Although these approaches are safe, efficacy has yet to be proven in large randomized clinical trials. Unfortunately, the biology of EPCs is still poorly understood. The success of future clinical trials depends on a better understanding of EPC biology and intelligent design.     

地尔硫卓在颅内动脉狭窄支架置入术中的应用

目的：对比分析地尔硫卓和尼莫通在颅内动脉狭窄支架置入术中、术后预防和治疗血管痉挛以及对血压调控的疗效。方法：选择2013年3月至2014年12月间经全脑血管造影后明确颅内动脉狭窄的缺血性脑血管病,需进行支架置入术治疗的患者84例,按照随机分配的原则分为地尔硫卓组和尼莫通组,术中及术后24 h给予上述两种药物微量泵入,术中若出现血管痉挛,地尔硫卓组给予微导管注射地尔硫卓缓解痉挛,而尼莫通组则加大尼莫通泵入量,若术中出现血压升高,地尔硫卓组给予静脉注射地尔硫卓,尼莫通组给予加大尼莫通泵入量。记录两组药物对于血管痉挛的预防效果,以及出现血管痉挛后的治疗效果及痉挛缓解的时间,出现血压升高后,两组的降压效果及血压下降的时间,以及药物的不良反应。术前始至术后24 h给予持续心电、血压、血氧监测。结果：两组患者在预防血管痉挛方面差异无统计学意义,但在术中出现血管痉挛及血压升高时,地尔硫卓组在解除血管痉挛及降压效果及时间方面优于尼莫通组。结论：地尔硫卓可用于颅内动脉狭窄支架置入术中及术后预防血管痉挛。地尔硫卓在术中解除血管痉挛及迅速控制血压方面疗效优于尼莫通组。     

血清肝素辅助因子II 活性与下肢动脉硬化闭塞症介入术后再狭窄相关

目的：观察血清肝素辅助因子II(heparin cofactor II,HC II)活性与下肢动脉硬化闭塞症介入术后再狭窄的 关系。方法：因股浅动脉闭塞性疾病而成功施行支架植入术的患者62例,根据患者血清HC II活性高低,将患者分为 两组：HC II活性≥100%组(n=40)及HC II活性<100%组(n=22)。收集患者相关临床资料,随访观察6个月,观察术后 支架内狭窄、闭塞情况。结果：两组患者基线资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访至第6个月月末时,HC II活 性<100%组支架内再狭窄程度较HC II活性≥100%组严重(P<0.05)。HC II活性<100%组支架内再狭窄发生率较HC II活 性≥100%组高(P<0.05)。进一步对危险因素行多元回归分析,结果显示血清HC II活性升高是减少术后再狭窄发生的 独立因素(OR=0.982,P=0.048)。结论：血清HC II活性与下肢动脉硬化症介入术后再狭窄相关;HC II活性越低,术后 发生再狭窄的危险越大。     

血管内超声以及冠状动脉造影引导下支架植入术效果比较的meta分析

目的血管内超声(IVUS)引导植入支架的效果目前仍存在争议,该研究旨在探讨血管内超声以及传统造影(Angiography)引导下支架植入效果在临床上的优劣比较。方法全面检索2000年1月—2014年6月国内外研究文献,筛选出符合评价标准的文献,采用Rev Man5.0软件进行分析。以支架植入术后死亡、心肌梗死、靶血管血运重建、支架内血栓形成以及主要心血管不良事件为主要临床终点,分析血管内超声与血管造影植入支架效果之间的差异。结果血管内超声引导下支架植入术后心肌梗死(RR=0.67,95%CI:0.56~0.81;Z=4.08,P<0.0001)、靶血管血运重建(RR=0.76,95%CI:0.66~0.87;Z=3.87,P=0.0001)、支架内血栓形成(RR=0.62,95%CI:0.47~0.82;Z=3.35,P=0.0008)以及主要不良事件(RR=0.82,95%CI:0.73~0.91;Z=3.62,P=0.0003)的发生率均低于传统造影下支架植入术,差别有统计学意义。结论说明血管内超声支架植入术能显著降低术后心梗、靶血管血运重建、支架内血栓及主要不良时间的发生,相比传统冠脉造影更能让患者获益。     

短期加用替罗非班在支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞梭形动脉瘤中的安全性与有效性研究

目的评估支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞梭形动脉瘤术中及术后24 h内,在标准双抗血小板治疗的基础上,短期应用小剂量替罗非班在降低缺血并发症方面的安全性及有效性。 方法回顾分析我中心2015年1月至2020年12月颅内未破裂梭形动脉瘤接受支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗,并在手术过程中及术后24 h内静脉接受替罗非班（0.1 μg/kg/min）预防血小板聚集的患者资料。记录并分析围手术期并发症,动脉瘤栓塞程度及术后3个月随访时的mRS评分。 结果本研究共纳入38例患者,39枚动脉瘤,动脉瘤平均直径（6.4±2.1）mm。其中,26枚动脉瘤接受了单支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗,13枚动脉瘤接受了双支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗。术后即刻78.9%（30/38）的动脉瘤实现完全栓塞;在26例接受脑血管造影复查的患者中,92.3%（24/26）的患者动脉瘤实现完全闭塞。围手术期缺血并发症发生率为7.9%（3/38）;无出血并发症发生。3个月随访的良好预后率为97.4%（37/38） （mRS评分为0~1分）。 结论支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞梭形动脉瘤术中及术后24 h内,静脉加用小剂量替罗非班未增加出血并发症。但是,由于样本量偏少,缺少对比,在降低缺血并发症方面的有效性尚需进一步证实。     

Stent Compression in Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome Associated with Acute Ilio-Femoral Deep Vein Thrombosis

ObjectiveThis study was conducted to evaluate stent compression in iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) and to identify its association with stent patency.ResultsAll of the stents used were laser-cut nitinol stents. The proportion of limbs showing significant stent compression was 33%. Fifty-six percent of limbs in the significant stent compression group developed stent occlusion. On the other hand, only 9% of limbs in the insignificant stent compression group developed stent occlusion. Significant stent compression was inversely correlated with stent patency (p < 0.001). The median patency period evaluated with Kaplan-Meier analysis was 20.0 months for patients with significant stent compression. Other factors including gender, age, and type of stent were not correlated with stent patency. Significant stent compression occurred most frequently (87.5%) at the upper end of the stent (ilio-caval junction).ConclusionSignificant compression of nitinol stents placed in IVCS highly affects stent patency. Therefore, in order to prevent stent compression in IVCS, nitinol stents with higher radial resistive force may be required.